{"id":253,"count":4,"description":"AC Bitumen<\/strong>, with a long history, dates back to ancient civilizations like the Babylonians and Egyptians, who used it for waterproofing and adhesives.\r\n\r\nWith the rise of automobiles in the 19th century, the demand for durable, smooth roads led to the development of specialized bitumen grades. Over time, advances in refining and material science have shaped AC-grade bitumen into a product that meets the rigorous needs of modern infrastructure.\r\n\r\nBiumen product<\/strong><\/a><\/span>\r\n

What is AC bitumen?<\/strong><\/h2>\r\nAsphalt cement, AC grade bitumen<\/strong>, is one of the most widely used types of viscosity-grade bitumen in road construction and infrastructure projects.\r\n\r\nThis classification system, established by the American Association of State Highway Officials (AASHTO), divides viscosity grade bitumen<\/strong> into two main categories:\r\n
    \r\n \t
  1. Asphalt Cement (AC) grade<\/li>\r\n \t
  2. Aged Residue (AR) grade.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n\"What\r\n\r\nThese categories are defined by the properties of the asphalt binder, either in its original form or after it has been subjected to aging during the hot mix asphalt (HMA) production process.\r\n\r\nThe AC bitumen<\/strong> grading system specifies the properties of asphalt binder in its original, as-supplied state. This is critical because it determines the materials\u2019 performance characteristics under expected temperature conditions and traffic loads.\r\n\r\nThe viscosity of AC grade bitumen<\/strong> is measured at 60\u00b0C which represents the maximum temperature the pavement might experience. This measurement is expressed in Poise (dyne-second\/cm\u00b2), a standard unit in the viscosity grading system.\r\n\r\nThe AC-bitumen grading system reflects the absolute viscosity of the bitumen at 60\u00b0C. For instance, an AC-30 bitumen would have a viscosity of approximately 3000 Poise at this temperature. This grading helps ensure that the selected bitumen, is suitable for the climate and mechanical stresses it will encounter.\r\n

    AC grade formula<\/strong><\/h2>\r\nAC Bitumen<\/strong>, commonly referred to by various names such as Asphalt Cement, Paving Grade Bitumen, Penetration Grade Bitumen, Performance Grade (PG) Bitumen, and Viscosity Grade Bitumen, reflects regional preferences and industry-specific standards.\r\n\r\nWhile these terms are often used interchangeably, they may denote specific classifications influenced by testing methods or regional specifications.\r\n\r\nFor international trade and regulatory compliance, AC Bitumen<\/strong> is identified using standardized codes and classifications. These standardized codes and identifiers ensure that AC-grade bitumen meets international trade requirements and adheres to safety and regulatory standards.\r\n\r\n\"AC\r\n

    HS Code<\/strong><\/h3>\r\nThe Harmonized System (HS) Code for AC Grade Bitumen<\/strong> is 27132000, which categorizes it as petroleum bitumen. This code is widely recognized in international trade, simplifying customs procedures and ensuring consistent product classification across different countries.\r\n

    Chemical Formula<\/strong><\/h3>\r\nBitumen is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons, which does not have a single fixed chemical formula. However, it is commonly represented as C\u2085\u2080H\u2087\u2086N\u2082O\u2084S to reflect the presence of key elements like carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. These elements contribute to its unique properties, making it suitable for various industrial and construction applications.\r\n

    CAS Number<\/strong><\/h3>\r\nThe Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Number for petroleum asphalt, including AC Grade Bitumen, is 8052-42-4. This number is a globally recognized identifier used in chemical inventories, safety data sheets, and regulatory documents to ensure precise identification of the substance.\r\n\r\n\"AC\r\n

    AC bitumen types<\/strong><\/h2>\r\nBitumen is classified into grades based on its physical properties, determined by specific grading systems. Understanding AC bitumen<\/strong> classifications and their implications allows engineers to choose the most appropriate bitumen for particular projects, ensuring durability and optimal performance over time.\r\n\r\nHere in this chart, there are 4 types of AC bitumen.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
    Asphalt Grade<\/strong><\/td>\r\nViscosity (Poise)<\/strong><\/td>\r\nPenetration (DMM)<\/strong><\/td>\r\nSoftening Point (\u00b0C)<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    AC-10<\/td>\r\n1000<\/td>\r\n85-100<\/td>\r\n43-51<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    AC-20<\/td>\r\n2000<\/td>\r\n60-80<\/td>\r\n47-55<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    AC-30<\/td>\r\n3000<\/td>\r\n40-60<\/td>\r\n51-59<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    AC-40<\/td>\r\n4000<\/td>\r\n30-50<\/td>\r\n55-63<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

    <\/h3>\r\n

    AC 10 bitumen<\/strong><\/h3>\r\nAC<\/strong> 10 bitumen<\/strong>, or AC10 asphalt, is a grade of bitumen with low viscosity featuring relatively high penetration and ductility. It is primarily used in regions with colder climates or for roads experiencing lighter traffic.\r\n\r\nThe following are the specifications for AC 10 bitumen:\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
    Specification<\/strong><\/td>\r\nTest Method<\/strong><\/td>\r\nUnit<\/strong><\/td>\r\nValue<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Viscosity at 60\u00b0C<\/td>\r\nASTM D2171<\/td>\r\nPoise (10*Pa.s)<\/td>\r\n1000\u00b1200<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Viscosity at 135\u00b0C<\/td>\r\nASTM D2170<\/td>\r\nCST<\/td>\r\nMinimum 150<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Flash Point (Cleveland Open Cup)<\/td>\r\nASTM D92<\/td>\r\n\u00b0C<\/td>\r\nMinimum 219<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Solubility in Trichloroethylene<\/td>\r\nASTM D2042<\/td>\r\n%WT<\/td>\r\nMinimum 99<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Penetration, 100g, 5s, at 25\u00b0C<\/td>\r\nASTM D5<\/td>\r\n0.1mm<\/td>\r\nMinimum 70<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Thin-Film Oven Test (TFOT)<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Viscosity at 60\u00b0C<\/td>\r\nASTM D2171<\/td>\r\nPoise (10*Pa.s)<\/td>\r\nMaximum 5000<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Ductility, 5 cm\/min, at 25\u00b0C<\/td>\r\nASTM D113<\/td>\r\ncm<\/td>\r\nMinimum 50<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

    AC 20 bitumen<\/strong><\/h3>\r\nAC bitumen<\/strong> 20 is designed for moderate temperatures and traffic conditions. It is firmer than AC 10 but softer than AC 30.\r\n\r\nBelow are the specifications for Bitumen AC 20:\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
    Specification<\/strong><\/td>\r\nTest Method<\/strong><\/td>\r\nUnit<\/strong><\/td>\r\nValue<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Viscosity at 60\u00b0C<\/td>\r\nASTM D2171<\/td>\r\nPoise (10*Pa.s)<\/td>\r\n2000\u00b1400<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Viscosity at 135\u00b0C<\/td>\r\nASTM D2170<\/td>\r\nCST<\/td>\r\nMinimum 210<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Flash Point (Cleveland Open Cup)<\/td>\r\nASTM D92<\/td>\r\n\u00b0C<\/td>\r\nMinimum 232<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Solubility in Trichloroethylene<\/td>\r\nASTM D2042<\/td>\r\n%WT<\/td>\r\nMinimum 99<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Penetration, 100g, 5s, at 25\u00b0C<\/td>\r\nASTM D5<\/td>\r\n0.1mm<\/td>\r\nMinimum 40<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Thin-Film Oven Test (TFOT)<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Viscosity at 60\u00b0C<\/td>\r\nASTM D2171<\/td>\r\nPoise (10*Pa.s)<\/td>\r\nMaximum 10000<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Ductility, 5 cm\/min, at 25\u00b0C<\/td>\r\nASTM D113<\/td>\r\ncm<\/td>\r\nMinimum 20<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

    AC 30 bitumen<\/strong><\/h3>\r\nAC 30 Bitumen<\/strong> is a hard variant of AC bitumen<\/strong>, characterized by high viscosity and low penetration. It is particularly suited for high-temperature regions with heavy traffic.\r\n\r\nHere are the specifications for Bitumen AC 30:\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
    Specification<\/strong><\/td>\r\nTest Method<\/strong><\/td>\r\nUnit<\/strong><\/td>\r\nValue<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Viscosity at 60\u00b0C<\/td>\r\nASTM D2171<\/td>\r\nPoise (10*Pa.s)<\/td>\r\n3000\u00b1600<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Viscosity at 135\u00b0C<\/td>\r\nASTM D2170<\/td>\r\nCST<\/td>\r\nMinimum 250<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Flash Point (Cleveland Open Cup)<\/td>\r\nASTM D92<\/td>\r\n\u00b0C<\/td>\r\nMinimum 232<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Solubility in Trichloroethylene<\/td>\r\nASTM D2042<\/td>\r\n%WT<\/td>\r\nMinimum 99<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Penetration, 100g, 5s, at 25\u00b0C<\/td>\r\nASTM D5<\/td>\r\n0.1mm<\/td>\r\nMinimum 30<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Thin-Film Oven Test (TFOT)<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Viscosity at 60\u00b0C<\/td>\r\nASTM D2171<\/td>\r\nPoise (10*Pa.s)<\/td>\r\nMaximum 15000<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Ductility, 5 cm\/min, at 25\u00b0C<\/td>\r\nASTM D113<\/td>\r\ncm<\/td>\r\nMinimum 15<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

    <\/h3>\r\n

    AC 40 bitumen<\/strong><\/h3>\r\nBitumen AC 40 is a very hard grade of AC bitumen<\/strong> designed for extremely high-temperature areas and heavy traffic conditions. It has a very high viscosity and very low penetration value, making it ideal for roads that experience heavy loads or high ambient temperatures.\r\n\r\nHere are the typical specifications for Bitumen AC 40:\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
    Specification<\/strong><\/td>\r\nTest Method<\/strong><\/td>\r\nUnit<\/strong><\/td>\r\nValue<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Viscosity at 60\u00b0C<\/td>\r\nASTM D2171<\/td>\r\nPoise (10*Pa.s)<\/td>\r\n4000\u00b1800<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Viscosity at 135\u00b0C<\/td>\r\nASTM D2170<\/td>\r\nCST<\/td>\r\nMinimum 300<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Flash Point (Cleveland Open Cup)<\/td>\r\nASTM D92<\/td>\r\n\u00b0C<\/td>\r\nMinimum 240<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Solubility in Trichloroethylene<\/td>\r\nASTM D2042<\/td>\r\n%WT<\/td>\r\nMinimum 99<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Penetration, 100g, 5s, at 25\u00b0C<\/td>\r\nASTM D5<\/td>\r\n0.1mm<\/td>\r\nMinimum 25<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Thin-Film Oven Test (TFOT)<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Viscosity at 60\u00b0C<\/td>\r\nASTM D2171<\/td>\r\nPoise (10*Pa.s)<\/td>\r\nMaximum 20000<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Ductility, 5 cm\/min, at 25\u00b0C<\/td>\r\nASTM D113<\/td>\r\ncm<\/td>\r\nMinimum 10<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

    AC bitumen ratio<\/strong><\/h2>\r\nThe \"Bitumen AC Ratio<\/strong>\" refers to the percentage of Asphalt Cement (AC) in bituminous mixtures which is crucial for road construction and other applications where bitumen binds aggregate.\r\n\r\nAC bitumen<\/strong> mixtures like hot mix asphalt (HMA) influence their performance. The ratio is usually expressed as a percentage of the total mixture, typically between 4% and 7%, depending on the specific application or type of pavement.\r\n\r\n\"AC\r\n

    AC bitumen uses and benefits<\/strong><\/h2>\r\nAC Bitumen<\/strong> is a popular choice in road construction due to its exceptional properties, making it ideal for various paving applications. Its widespread use can be attributed to the following advantages:\r\n